City of Oxford
2016 Annual Drinking Water Quality Report
Water System Number 02-39-010
We are pleased to present to you this year's Annual Drinking Water Quality Report. This report is a snapshot of last year’s water quality. Included are details about your source(s) of water, what it contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies. Our constant goal is to provide you with a safe and dependable supply of drinking water. We want you to understand the efforts we make to continually improve the water treatment process and protect our water resources. We are committed to ensuring the quality of your water and to providing you with this information because informed customers are our best allies.
If you have any questions about this report or concerning your water, please contact Steve Inscoe at 919-603-1152. We want our valued customers to be informed about their water utility.
What EPA Wants You to Know.
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, those who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The City of Oxford is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or athttp://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses; organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, and septic systems; and radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health.
When You Turn on Your Tap, Consider the Source
The water that is used by this system is purchase water from Kerr Lake Regional Water System NC0291010.
Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) Results
The North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Public Water Supply (PWS) Section, Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) conducted assessments for all drinking water sources across North Carolina. The purpose of the assessments was to determine the susceptibility of each drinking water source (well or surface water intake) to Potential Contaminant Sources (PCSs). The results of the assessment are available in SWAP Assessment Reports that include maps, background information and a relative susceptibility rating of Higher, Moderate or Lower.
The relative susceptibility rating of each source for The City of Oxford was determined by combining the contaminant rating (number and location of PCSs within the assessment area) and the inherent vulnerability rating (i.e., characteristics or existing conditions of the well or watershed and its delineated assessment area). The assessment findings are summarized in the table below:
| SOURCE NAME |
SUSCEPTIBILITY RATING |
SWAP REPORT DATE |
| Kerr Lake |
Moderate |
July 2015 |
The complete SWAP Assessment report for The City of Oxford may be viewed on the Web at: www.ncwater.org/pws/swap. Note that because SWAP results and reports are periodically updated by the PWS Section, the results available on this web site may differ from the results that were available at the time this CCR was prepared. If you are unable to access your SWAP report on the web, you may mail a written request for a printed copy to: Source Water Assessment Program – Report Request, 1634 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1634, or email requests to swap@ncdenr.gov. Please indicate your system name, number, and provide your name, mailing address and phone number. If you have any questions about the SWAP report please contact the Source Water Assessment staff by phone at 919-707-9098.
Violations that Your Water System Received for the Report Year 2015
During 2016, or during any compliance period that ended in 2016, we did not receive a violation.
Water Quality Data Tables of Detected Contaminants
We routinely monitor for over 150 contaminants in your drinking water according to Federal and State laws. The tables below list all the drinking water contaminants that we detected in the last round of sampling for each particular contaminant group. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. Unless otherwise noted, the data presented in this table is from testing done January 1 through December 31, 2015. The EPA and the State allow us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary significantly from year to year. Some of the data, though representative of the water quality, is more than one year old.
Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. The purpose of unregulated contaminant monitoring is to assist EPA in determining the occurrence of unregulated contaminants in drinking water and whether future regulations are warranted.
Important Drinking Water Definitions:
Not-Applicable (N/A) – Information not applicable/not required for that particular water system or for that particular rule.
Non-Detects (ND) - Laboratory analysis indicates that the contaminant is not present at the level of detection set for the particular methodology used.
Parts per million (ppm) or Milligrams per liter (mg/L) - One part per million corresponds to one minute in two years or a single penny in $10,000.
Parts per billion (ppb) or Micrograms per liter (ug/L) - One part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000.
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) - Nephelometric turbidity unit is a measure of the clarity of water. Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the average person.
Action Level (AL) - The concentration of a contaminant which triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.
Treatment Technique (TT) - A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL) – The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA) – The average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four calendar quarters under the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) - The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
Tables of Detected Contaminants
Turbidity* Kerr Lake Regional Water System 2015
|
Contaminant (units)
|
Treatment Technique (TT) Violation
Y/N
|
Your Water
|
MCLG
|
Treatment Technique (TT)
Violation if:
|
Likely Source of Contamination
|
|
Turbidity (NTU) - Highest single turbidity measurement
|
NO
|
0.13 NTU
|
N/A
|
Turbidity > 1 NTU
|
Soil runoff
|
|
Turbidity (NTU) - Lowest monthly percentage (%) of samples meeting turbidity limits
|
NO
|
100 %
|
N/A
|
Less than 95% of monthly turbidity measurements are < 0.3 NTU
|
*Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. We monitor it because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of our filtration system.
The turbidity rule requires that 95% or more of the monthly samples must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU.
Inorganic Contaminants Kerr Lake Regional Water System
|
Contaminant (units)
|
Sample Date
|
MCL Violation
Y/N
|
Your
Water
|
Range
Low High
|
MCLG
|
MCL
|
Likely Source of Contamination
|
|
Fluoride (ppm)
|
2016
|
NO
|
0.76
|
0.76 - 0.76
|
4
|
4
|
Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
|
Lead and Copper Contaminants City of Oxford
|
Contaminant (units)
|
Sample Date
|
Your
Water
|
Number of sites found above the AL
|
MCLG
|
AL
|
Likely Source of Contamination
|
|
Copper (ppm)
(90thpercentile)
|
6-10-14
|
0.25
|
0
|
1.3
|
AL=1.3
|
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
|
|
Lead (ppb)
(90thpercentile)
|
6-10-14
|
ND
|
0
|
0
|
AL=15
|
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
|
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Kerr Lake Regional Water System
|
Contaminant (units)
|
TT Violation Y/N
|
Your Water
(RAA Removal Ratio)
|
Range Monthly Removal Ratio
Low - High
|
MCLG
|
TT
|
Likely Source of Contamination
|
Compliance Method
(Step 1 or ACC#__)
|
|
Total Organic Carbon (removal ratio)
(TOC)-TREATED
|
NO
|
1.30
|
1.3 - 1.53
|
N/A
|
TT
|
Naturally present in the environment
|
|
Disinfectant Residuals Summary City of Oxford
|
|
Year Sampled
|
MRDL Violation
Y/N
|
Your
Water
(highest RAA)
|
Range
Low High
|
MRDLG
|
MRDL
|
Likely Source of
Contamination
|
|
Chlorine (ppm)
|
2016
|
NO
|
0.71
|
0.49 - 1.04
|
4
|
4.0
|
Water additive used
to control microbes
|
City of Oxford
Stage 2: Disinfection Byproduct Compliance - Based upon Locational
Running Annual Average (LRAA)
|
Disinfection Byproduct
|
Year Sampled
|
MCL Violation
Y/N
|
Your
Water
(highest LRAA)
|
Range
Low High
|
MCLG
|
MCL
|
Likely Source of Contamination
|
|
TTHM (ppb) B01
|
2016
|
No
|
64
|
37-80
|
N/A
|
80
|
Byproduct of drinking water disinfection
|
|
B02
|
2016
|
NO
|
54
|
32-77
|
N/A
|
80
|
Byproduct of drinking water disinfection
|
|
HAA5 (ppb)
B01
|
2016
|
NO
|
34
|
28-45
|
N/A
|
60
|
Byproduct of drinking water disinfection
|
|
B02
|
2016
|
NO
|
33
|
25-39
|
N/A
|
80
|
Byproduct of drinking water disinfection
|
For TTHM: Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
For HAA5: Some people who drink water containing haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
The PWS Section requires monitoring for other misc. contaminants, some for which the EPA has set national secondary drinking water standards (SMCLs) because they may cause cosmetic effects or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, and/or color) in drinking water. The contaminants with SMCLs normally do not have any
health effects and normally do not affect the safety of your water.
Other Miscellaneous Water Characteristics Contaminants City of Oxford
|
Contaminant (units)
|
Sample Date
|
Your
Water
|
Range
Low High
|
SMCL
|
|
Sodium (ppm)
|
2016
|
15.5
|
15.5 - 15.5
|
N/A
|
|
Sulfate (ppm)
|
2016
|
20.5
|
20.5 - 20.5
|
250 mg/L
|
|
pH
|
2016
|
7
|
7 - 7
|
6.5 to 8.5
|
Consumer Confidence Report Certification Form
Water System Name: City of Oxford
Water System No.: 02-39-010 Report Year: 2016 Population Served: 8519
The Community Water System (CWS) named above hereby confirms that all provisions under 40 CFR parts 141 and 142 requiring the development of, distribution of, and notification of a consumer confidence report have been executed. Further, the CWS certifies the information contained in the report is correct and consistent with the compliance monitoring data previously submitted to the primacy agency by their NC certified laboratory. In addition, if this report is being used to meet Tier 3 Public Notification requirements, as denoted by the checked box below, the CWS certifies that public notification has been provided to its consumers in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 141.204(d).
Certified by: Name: Stevie Inscoe Title: Water/Sewer Superintendent
Date Reported to State: 4-12-2017
